In children, each additional serving per day of 100% fruit juice was associated with a 0.03 higher body mass index, or BMI, change, according to the study. “The good thing about a meta-analysis is that it takes small studies and puts all the data together so it can be analyzed as if it were one big study,” Hannon said. The meta-analysis, published Tuesday in the journal JAMA Pediatrics, analyzed 42 studies: 17 in children and 25 among adults. “But if you drink those calories, you may not feel full and begin to eat again.” “When you consume calories in solid form, your brain is better at registering those calories and adjusting your food intake accordingly,” Malik said. That’s not the only impact, said corresponding study author Vasanti Malik, a research scientist in the department of nutrition at the Harvard T.H. “So, the liver, which metabolizes sugars, converts a large part of those calories into a fat that can be stored easily and kept out of the blood.” It’s dangerous for organs, so the body has lots of mechanisms to get rid of sugar quickly and keep our blood sugar normal,” Hannon explained. Britt Erlanson/The Image Bank RF/Getty Images The natural sugar found in fruit is released slowly into the blood when it's consumed whole. Drinking apple juice, however, floods the blood with fructose. “When we take away the package, we take away the fiber and the structural parts of the food, and our body digests and metabolizes it differently than it evolved to do so.”Įating a whole apple, for example, doesn’t spike blood sugar levels because fructose, the sugar found naturally in fruits and some vegetables, is released slowly into the blood. That’s how our bodies are meant to get nutrition,” Hannon said. “Whole fruits and vegetables come in packages of nutrients - carbohydrates, protein, fat, minerals and vitamins that are all contained with fiber. In such a context, fruit juice is a much better choice than soda, for many reasons,” said Katz in an email.įor some, the concern over 100% fruit juice may be baffling - fruit is healthy, right? So, what’s the difference between the fruit and its juice? “It’s not for daily health - it’s an occasional sweet treat. David Katz, a specialist in preventive and lifestyle medicine who founded the nonprofit True Health Initiative, a global coalition of experts dedicated to evidence-based lifestyle medicine. “General guidance is against ‘routine’ intake - in other words, relying on juice rather than water for thirst, or consuming juice specifically for health benefits,” said Dr. Teens and adults should drink no more than 8 ounces a day of 100% juice, according to national nutritional guidelines, and juice should not be seen as a healthy way to quench thirst. David Katz, founder of True Health Initiative. One hundred percent fruit or vegetable juice should not be consumed as a daily serving for nutritional health, said Dr. “There’s really no health reason to have juice instead of whole fruits and vegetables unless your child cannot tolerate eating regular food,” said Hannon, director of the pediatric diabetes program at Riley Hospital for Children and professor of medical and molecular genetics at Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis. While the study’s conclusions drawn did not show a direct causation, only an association, the findings were “quite valid and match what we see clinically,” said pediatric endocrinologist Dr. Tamara Hannon, a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ committee on nutrition, who was not involved with the research.ĭue to concerns over the rising rate of childhood obesity and dental cavities, the AAP advises parents and guardians to avoid juice entirely for babies younger than 1 year old, limit intake to 4 ounces a day for children ages 1 to 3 years old and only 6 ounces a day for children ages 4 to 6 years old. Over time, too much sugar in the blood can lead to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, heart disease, obesity and other chronic conditions, experts say. “For example, how often do we eat three oranges? Yet, a glass of OJ is about three oranges that can be consumed in a minute or two, and we can go back and have another, and that will add many calories and lead to a spike in blood glucose,” Willett said in an email. Chan School of Public Health and professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. Walter Willett, a professor of epidemiology and nutrition at Harvard T.H. “One fundamental problem with juice is quantity consuming fruit this way makes it so easy to overdose,” said coauthor and leading nutrition researcher Dr. Yulia Naumenko/Moment RF/Getty ImagesįDA finalizes limit on how much arsenic can be in apple juice A spokesperson for Consumer Reports questions if the limit is low enough.
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